hashicorp/vault
Official vault docker images
100M+
Vault is a tool for securely accessing secrets. A secret is anything that you want to tightly control access to, such as API keys, passwords, certificates, and more. Vault provides a unified interface to any secret, while providing tight access control and recording a detailed audit log. For more information, please see:
We chose Alpine as a lightweight base with a reasonably small surface area for security concerns, but with enough functionality for development and interactive debugging.
Vault always runs under dumb-init, which handles reaping zombie processes and forwards signals on to all processes running in the container. This binary is built by HashiCorp and signed with our GPG key, so you can verify the signed package used to build a given base image.
Running the Vault container with no arguments will give you a Vault server in development mode. The provided entry point script will also look for Vault subcommands and run vault
with that subcommand. For example, you can execute docker run vault status
and it will run the vault status
command inside the container. The entry point also adds some special configuration options as detailed in the sections below when running the server
subcommand. Any other command gets exec
-ed inside the container under dumb-init
.
The container exposes two optional VOLUME
s:
/vault/logs
, to use for writing persistent audit logs. By default nothing is written here; the file
audit backend must be enabled with a path under this directory./vault/file
, to use for writing persistent storage data when using thefile
data storage plugin. By default nothing is written here (a dev
server uses an in-memory data store); the file
data storage backend must be enabled in Vault's configuration before the container is started.The container has a Vault configuration directory set up at /vault/config
and the server will load any HCL or JSON configuration files placed here by binding a volume or by composing a new image and adding files. Alternatively, configuration can be added by passing the configuration JSON via environment variable VAULT_LOCAL_CONFIG
.
The container will attempt to lock memory to prevent sensitive values from being swapped to disk and as a result must have --cap-add=IPC_LOCK
provided to docker run
. Since the Vault binary runs as a non-root user, setcap
is used to give the binary the ability to lock memory. With some Docker storage plugins in some distributions this call will not work correctly; it seems to fail most often with AUFS. The memory locking behavior can be disabled by setting the SKIP_SETCAP
environment variable to any non-empty value.
$ docker run --cap-add=IPC_LOCK -d --name=dev-vault hashicorp/vault
This runs a completely in-memory Vault server, which is useful for development but should not be used in production.
When running in development mode, two additional options can be set via environment variables:
VAULT_DEV_ROOT_TOKEN_ID
: This sets the ID of the initial generated root token to the given valueVAULT_DEV_LISTEN_ADDRESS
: This sets the IP:port of the development server listener (defaults to 0.0.0.0:8200)As an example:
$ docker run --cap-add=IPC_LOCK -e 'VAULT_DEV_ROOT_TOKEN_ID=myroot' -e 'VAULT_DEV_LISTEN_ADDRESS=0.0.0.0:1234' hashicorp/vault
$ docker run --cap-add=IPC_LOCK -e 'VAULT_LOCAL_CONFIG={"storage": {"file": {"path": "/vault/file"}}, "listener": [{"tcp": { "address": "0.0.0.0:8200", "tls_disable": true}}], "default_lease_ttl": "168h", "max_lease_ttl": "720h", "ui": true}' -p 8200:8200 hashicorp/vault server
This runs a Vault server with TLS disabled, the file
storage backend at path /vault/file
and a default secret lease duration of one week and a maximum of 30 days. Disabling TLS and using the file
storage backend are not recommended for production use.
Note the --cap-add=IPC_LOCK
: this is required in order for Vault to lock memory, which prevents it from being swapped to disk. This is highly recommended. In a non-development environment, if you do not wish to use this functionality, you must add "disable_mlock: true"
to the configuration information.
At startup, the server will read configuration HCL and JSON files from /vault/config
(any information passed into VAULT_LOCAL_CONFIG
is written into local.json
in this directory and read as part of reading the directory for configuration files). Please see Vault's configuration documentation for a full list of options.
We suggest volume mounting a directory into the Docker image in order to give both the configuration and TLS certificates to Vault. You can accomplish this with:
$ docker run --volume config/:/vault/config.d ...
For more scalability and reliability, we suggest running containerized Vault in an orchestration environment like k8s or OpenShift.
Since 0.6.3 this container also supports the VAULT_REDIRECT_INTERFACE
and VAULT_CLUSTER_INTERFACE
environment variables. If set, the IP addresses used for the redirect and cluster addresses in Vault's configuration will be the address of the named interface inside the container (e.g. eth0
).
View license information for the software contained in this image.
docker pull hashicorp/vault