russellsim/duplicity repository overview

⁠Supported tags and respective Dockerfile links

• latest⁠
• edge⁠

⁠What is Duplicity?

duplicity⁠ backup tool.

Features of this Docker image:

• Small: Built using alpine⁠.
• Simple: Most common cases are explained below and require minimal setup.
• Secure: Runs non-root by default (use randomly chosen UID 1896), and meant to run as any user.

⁠Usage

For the general command-line syntax, do:

$ docker run --rm wernight/duplicity duplicity --help

In general you...

• Must mount what you want to backup or where you want to restore a backup.
• Should mount /home/duplicity/.cache/duplicity as writable somewhere (if not cached, duplicity will have to recreate it from the remote repository which may require decrypting the backup contents⁠). Note it may be quite large and contains metadata info about files you've backed up in clear text.
• Should mount /home/duplicity/.gnupg as writable somewhere (that directory is used to validate incremental backups and shouldn't be necessary to restore your backup if you follows steps below).
• Should specify duplicity flag --allow-source-mismatch because Docker has a random host for each container.
• Could set environment variable PASSPHRASE, unless you want to type it manually in the prompt (remember then to add -it).
• May have to mount a few other files for authentication (see examples below).

Example of commands you may want to run periodically to back up with good clean-up/maintenance (see below for various storage options):

 $ docker run --rm ... wernight/duplicity --full-if-older-than=6M source_directory target_url
 $ docker run --rm ... wernight/duplicity remove-older-than 6M --force target_url
 $ docker run --rm ... wernight/duplicity cleanup --force target_url

This would do:

1. A full backup every 6 months so that restoration is a lot faster and for cleanup to work, and incremental backups the rest of the time.
2. Delete backups older than 6 months (doesn't break incremental backups).
3. Delete files from failed sessions (if any).

⁠Backup to Google Cloud Storage example

Google Cloud Storage⁠ nearline costs about $0.01/GB/Month⁠.

Set up:

1. Sign up, create an empty project, enable billing, and create a bucket⁠

2. Under "Storage" section > "Settings"⁠ > "Interoperability" tab > click "Enable interoperable access" and then "Create a new key" button and note both Access Key and Secret. Also note your Project Number (aka project ID, it's a number like 1233457890).

3. Run gcloud's gsutil config -a⁠ to generate the ~/.boto configuration file and give it all these info (alternatively you should be able to set environment variable GS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and GS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY however in my tries I didn't see where to set your project ID).

4. You should now have a ~/.boto looking like:

   [Credentials]
   gs_access_key_id = MYGOOGLEACCESSKEY
   gs_secret_access_key = SomeVeryLongAccessKeyXXXXXXXX
   
   [GSUtil]
   default_project_id = 1233457890
   

   Copy

Now you're ready to perform a backup:

$ docker run --rm --user $UID \
      -e PASSPHRASE=P4ssw0rd \
      -v $PWD/.cache:/home/duplicity/.cache/duplicity \
      -v $PWD/.gnupg:/home/duplicity/.gnupg \
      -v ~/.boto:/home/duplicity/.boto:ro \
      -v /:/data:ro \
      wernight/duplicity \
      duplicity --full-if-older-than=6M --allow-source-mismatch /data gs://my-bucket-name/some_dir

To restore, you'll need:

• Keep .boto or regenerate it to access your Google Cloud Storage.
• The PASSPHRASE you've used.

Example:

$ docker run --rm --user $UID \
      -e PASSPHRASE=P4ssw0rd \
      -v ~/.boto:/home/duplicity/.boto:ro \
      -v /:/data:ro \
      wernight/duplicity \
      duplicity restore gs://my-bucket-name/some_dir /data
      

See also the note on Google Cloud Storage⁠.

⁠Backup to Google Drive example

Google Drive⁠ offers 15GB for free⁠.

Set up:

1. Follow notes on Pydrive Backend⁠ to generate a P12 credential file (call it pydriveprivatekey.p12) and note also the associated service account email generated (e.g. [email protected]).

2. Convert P12 to PEM:

   $ docker run --rm -i --user $UID \
         -v $PWD/pydriveprivatekey.p12:/pydriveprivatekey.p12:ro \
         wernight/duplicity \
         openssl pkcs12 -in /pydriveprivatekey.p12 -nodes -nocerts >pydriveprivatekey.pem
   Enter Import Password: notasecret
   

   Copy

Now you're ready to perform a backup:

$ docker run --rm --user $UID \
      -e PASSPHRASE=P4ssw0rd \
      -e GOOGLE_DRIVE_ACCOUNT_KEY=$(cat pydriveprivatekey.pem) \
      -v $PWD/.cache:/home/duplicity/.cache/duplicity \
      -v $PWD/.gnupg:/home/duplicity/.gnupg \
      -v /:/data:ro \
      wernight/duplicity \
      duplicity --full-if-older-than=6M --allow-source-mismatch /data pydrive://[email protected]/some_dir

To restore, you'll need:

• Regenerate a PEM file (or keep it somewhere).
• The PASSPHRASE you've used.

⁠Backup via rsync example

Supposing you've an SSH access to some machine, you can:

$ docker run --rm -it --user root \
      -e PASSPHRASE=P4ssw0rd \
      -v $PWD/.cache:/home/duplicity/.cache/duplicity \
      -v $PWD/.gnupg:/home/duplicity/.gnupg \
      -v ~/.ssh/id_rsa:/id_rsa:ro \
      -v ~/.ssh/known_hosts:/etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts:ro \
      -v /:/data:ro \
      wernight/duplicity \
      duplicity --full-if-older-than=6M --allow-source-mismatch \
      --rsync-options='-e "ssh -i /id_rsa"' \
      /data rsync://[email protected]/some_dir

Note: We're running here as root to have access to ~/.ssh and also because ssh does not allow to use a random (non-locally existing) UID. To make it safer, you can copy your ~/.ssh and chown 1896 it (that is duplicity UID within the container). If you know a another way to avoid the "No user exists for uid" check, please let me know.

⁠Alias

Here is a simple alias that should work in most cases:

$ alias duplicity='docker run --rm --user=root -v ~/.ssh/id_rsa:/home/duplicity/.ssh/id_rsa:ro -v ~/.boto:/home/duplicity/.boto:ro -v ~/.gnupg:/home/duplicity/.gnupg -v /:/mnt:ro -e PASSPHRASE=$PASSPHRASE wernight/duplicity duplicity $@'

Now you should be able to run duplicity almost as if it were installed, example:

$ PASSPHRASE=123456 duplicity --progress /mnt rsync://[email protected]/some_dir

⁠See also

• duplicity man⁠ page
• duplicity back-up how-to - Ubuntu⁠
• How To Use Duplicity with GPG to Securely Automate Backups on Ubuntu | DigitalOcean⁠

⁠Feedbacks

Report issues/questions/feature requests on GitHub Issues⁠.